Cov cuab yeej steel nrog lub siab hardness, siab hnav tsis kam thiab siab kub tsis kam, kuj paub tias yog kev kub ceev twj hlau lossis hlau pem hauv ntej.Kev kub ceev steel tau tsim hauv 1898 los ntawm Taylor, FW thiab m. dawb hauv tebchaws Meskas.Kev kub ceev steel muaj cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis zoo, muaj lub zog zoo thiab tawv, yog li nws yog siv los tsim cov khoom tawg yooj yim thiab cuam tshuam cov hlau txiav cov cuab yeej, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem tsim cov siab kub bearings thiab txias extrusion pwm.Ntxiv nrog rau kev kub ceev steel tsim tawm los ntawm smelting txoj kev, hmoov hlau metallurgy kev kub ceev steel tau tshwm sim tom qab 1960 s.
Hom kev kub ceev ntawm cov hlau yog hom steel uas muaj cov pa roj carbon ntsiab lus ntawm 0. 70 ~ 1. 65%.Tus nqi ntawm cov alloying keeb yog qhov loj, tag nrho cov nyiaj tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10 ~ 25%.Raws li qhov sib txawv tuaj yeem faib ua: tungsten alloy ntsiab muaj hlau siab ceev; tungsten molybdenum (tungsten 9 ~ 18%) ntawm kev kub ceev steel (suav nrog tungsten, molybdenum, {{2}}, ~ 5 ~ 12%, 6%); siab molybdenum siab ceev steel (suav nrog tungsten, molybdenum 5 0 ~ 2% ~ 10%), vanadium lub siab ceev steel, thiab cov ntsiab lus sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus vanadium hauv vanadium cov ntsiab lus (muaj vanadium 1 ~ 2%) thiab siab vanadium cov ntsiab lus (2. 5 ~ 5%) muaj vanadium lub siab nrawm hlau; cobalt siab ceev steel (muaj cov cobalt 5 ~ 10%).Raws li qhov sib txawv siv USES ntawm kev kub ceev steel tuaj yeem muab faib ua feem thiab dav ob qho laj thawj.General kev kub ceev hlau: feem ntau yog siv rau kev tsim khoom ntawm kev txiav hardness HB ≦ 300 cov khoom siv hlau txiav cov cuab yeej (xws li laum, tus kais, pom hniav) thiab cov cuab yeej muaj meej (xws li hob, iav shaper, broach), feem ntau siv steel Cov lej muaj W 18 Cr {{{{6 {}}}} V, W 6 Mo {{{{5 rau.}}} V { 6}}, thiab lwm yam.Lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb kev kub ceev hlau: suav nrog cobalt siab ceev steel thiab super nyuaj siab hlau (hard hrc6 8 - 70), feem ntau yog siv rau kev tsim khoom ntawm kev txiav cov hlau tsis yooj yim (xws li kub kub alloy, titanium alloy thiab siab zog steel, thiab lwm yam) cov cuab yeej txiav, siv cov qib steel muaj W 12 Cr {{2}} V 5 Co 5, W 2 Mo { {6}} Cr {{2}} VCo 8, thiab lwm yam.
Cov cuab yeej hauv kev tsim cov cuab yeej txiav los ntawm kev kub ceev steel, ntxiv rau nws cov hardness siab, siab hnav tsis kam thiab qhov muaj tawv txaus, qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov ua kom tawv liab.Kev ua tawv tawv liab yog hais txog kev muaj peev xwm ntawm cov hniav txhawm rau tiv qhov muag hluav taws xob hauv kub thaum txiav ntawm kev kub ceev.Ib txoj hauv kev ntsuas qhov liab tawv yog kom sov cov hlau rau 580 ~ 650 ℃, ua kom nws sov rau 1 teev, thiab tom qab ntawd txias rau nws.
Lub quenching kub ntawm kev kub ceev steel feem ntau nyob ze rau qhov chaw melting ntawm cov hlau, xws li tungsten siab ceev steel yog 1210 ~ 1240 ℃, siab molybdenum siab ceev steel yog 1180 ~ { {3}} ℃.Tom qab quenching, feem ntau yuav tsum tau npau taws txog 3 lub sijhawm ntawm 540 ~ 560 ℃.Ua kom cov quenching kub tuaj yeem ua rau kom tawv tawv liab.Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm kev kub ceev steel twj, nws nto yuav muaj zog, xws li tsis kub cyanide, nitriding, sulfur-nitriding, thiab lwm yam.Cov cuab yeej steel nrog lub siab hardness, siab hnav tsis kam thiab siab kub tsis kam, kuj paub tias yog kev kub ceev twj hlau lossis hlau pem hauv ntej.Kev kub ceev steel tau tsim hauv 1898 los ntawm Taylor, FW thiab m. dawb hauv tebchaws Meskas.Kev kub ceev steel muaj cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis zoo, muaj lub zog zoo thiab tawv, yog li nws yog siv los tsim cov khoom tawg yooj yim thiab cuam tshuam cov hlau txiav cov cuab yeej, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem tsim cov siab kub bearings thiab txias extrusion pwm.Ntxiv nrog rau kev kub ceev steel tsim tawm los ntawm smelting txoj kev, hmoov hlau metallurgy kev kub ceev steel tau tshwm sim tom qab 1960 s.
Hom kev kub ceev ntawm cov hlau yog hom steel uas muaj cov pa roj carbon ntsiab lus ntawm 0. 70 ~ 1. 65%.Tus nqi ntawm cov alloying keeb yog qhov loj, tag nrho cov nyiaj tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10 ~ 25%.Raws li qhov sib txawv tuaj yeem faib ua: tungsten alloy ntsiab muaj hlau siab ceev; tungsten molybdenum (tungsten 9 ~ 18%) ntawm kev kub ceev steel (suav nrog tungsten, molybdenum, {{2}}, ~ 5 ~ 12%, 6%); siab molybdenum siab ceev steel (suav nrog tungsten, molybdenum 5 0 ~ 2% ~ 10%), vanadium lub siab ceev steel, thiab cov ntsiab lus sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus vanadium hauv vanadium cov ntsiab lus (muaj vanadium 1 ~ 2%) thiab siab vanadium cov ntsiab lus (2. 5 ~ 5%) muaj vanadium lub siab nrawm hlau; cobalt siab ceev steel (muaj cov cobalt 5 ~ 10%).Raws li qhov sib txawv siv USES ntawm kev kub ceev steel tuaj yeem muab faib ua feem thiab dav ob qho laj thawj.General kev kub ceev hlau: feem ntau yog siv rau kev tsim khoom ntawm kev txiav hardness HB ≦ 300 cov khoom siv hlau txiav cov cuab yeej (xws li laum, tus kais, pom hniav) thiab cov cuab yeej muaj meej (xws li hob, iav shaper, broach), feem ntau siv steel Cov lej muaj W 18 Cr {{{{6 {}}}} V, W 6 Mo {{{{5 rau.}}} V { 6}}, thiab lwm yam.Lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb kev kub ceev hlau: suav nrog cobalt siab ceev steel thiab super nyuaj siab hlau (hard hrc6 8 - 70), feem ntau yog siv rau kev tsim khoom ntawm kev txiav cov hlau tsis yooj yim (xws li kub kub alloy, titanium alloy thiab siab zog steel, thiab lwm yam) cov cuab yeej txiav, siv cov qib steel muaj W 12 Cr {{2}} V 5 Co 5, W 2 Mo { {6}} Cr {{2}} VCo 8, thiab lwm yam.
Cov cuab yeej hauv kev tsim cov cuab yeej txiav los ntawm kev kub ceev steel, ntxiv rau nws cov hardness siab, siab hnav tsis kam thiab qhov muaj tawv txaus, qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov ua kom tawv liab.Kev ua tawv tawv liab yog hais txog kev muaj peev xwm ntawm cov hniav txhawm rau tiv qhov muag hluav taws xob hauv kub thaum txiav ntawm kev kub ceev.Ib txoj hauv kev ntsuas qhov liab tawv yog kom sov cov hlau rau 580 ~ 650 ℃, ua kom nws sov rau 1 teev, thiab tom qab ntawd txias rau nws.
Lub quenching kub ntawm kev kub ceev steel feem ntau nyob ze rau qhov chaw melting ntawm cov hlau, xws li tungsten siab ceev steel yog 1210 ~ 1240 ℃, siab molybdenum siab ceev steel yog 1180 ~ { {3}} ℃.Tom qab quenching, feem ntau yuav tsum tau npau taws txog 3 lub sijhawm ntawm 540 ~ 560 ℃.Ua kom cov quenching kub tuaj yeem ua rau kom tawv tawv liab.Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm kev kub ceev steel twj, nws nto yuav muaj zog, xws li tsis kub cyanide, nitriding, sulfur-nitriding, thiab lwm yam.