1. Txhim kho qhov smelting thev naus laus zis txhawm rau txhim kho qhov huv huv thiab tsis sib thooj ntawm cov hlau
Piv nrog cov teb chaws muaj kev lag luam, txawm hais tias cov pa cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kabmob hlau nyob hauv Suav tau ze rau theem txawv teb chaws, tab sis qhov loj thiab kev faib tawm ntawm kev koom nrog thiab carbide homogeneity, muaj pes tsawg leeg kev sib txawv thiab qhov sib txawv loj piv nrog txawv teb chaws, xws li loj ntawm kev suav thiab sis tsis ncaj carbide ntau dua, cov qauv muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm thaj chaw dub thiab dawb, thiab lwm yam, los ntawm qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm cov khoom seem ua tau zoo, muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm kev coj tus kheej, kev ntseeg tau thiab xwm yeem.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub hav zoov ntawm qhov loj me rau ntawm cov ntxuag hu rau qhov chaw kuj tseem cuam tshuam qhov tseeb ntawm cov nplaim thiab ua kom lub suab zoo dua.Yog li, kev lag luam cov kabmob yuav tsum sib tham nrog kev lag luam metallurgical, kev sib tham hauv kev ua lag luam metallurgical, rau lub hauv paus txuas ntxiv txo cov pa oxygen hauv nrum casting kev sib tw tshuab thiab dov thev naus laus zis, suav nrog kev tswj hwm thiab kev soj ntsuam tshuab, xws li kev txhim kho ntawm electromagnetic nplawm nruam casting, nce qhov loj me ntawm cov ntawv txuas ntxiv nruam billet, ntxiv dag zog rau qhov kub kub diffusion annealing, thiab lwm yam, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kev suav thiab kev sib txawv ntawm qhov loj me thiab kev faib tawm cov carbide.
Kev txhim kho thiab txhawb nqa cov hom hlau tshiab kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov kabmob sib txawv
Nrog rau cov miniaturization, lub teeb yuag thiab lub siab ntawm lub cav loj, kev siv ib puag ncig ntawm cov kabmob tau dhau los ua ntau thiab ntau yam, thiab qhov yuav tsum ua rau cov kabmob tau dhau los ua ntau dua thiab xav tau. Tam sim no, cov hlau uas twb muaj lawm hauv Suav teb tuaj yeem tsis tau lossis ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm lub cav loj rau cov kabmob. Yog li, kev txhim kho thiab txhawb nqa cov khoom tshiab yuav tsum nquag ua haujlwm.Xws li kev loj hlob ntawm cov kabmob loj loj nrog lub siab hardenability steel, ua haujlwm dhau thiab huv lubrication kev ua haujlwm lossis nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm me, lub teeb yuag siv cov kabmob steel, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm cov pa phem siv cov kabmob hauv carburizing steel thiab cov pa roj carbon steel siab, kub (ua haujlwm kub) hauv qab 200 ℃) nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev siv hauv kev coj tus kheej steel thiab tej yam kev mob tshwj xeeb ntawm kev coj tus kheej (steel hlau, kub kub steel).
Kev tshawb nrhiav thiab tshaj tawm cov cuab yeej kho cua sov tshiab
1. Bainite quenching
Vim tias qhov cuam tshuam zoo toughness thiab compressive kev nyuaj siab nyob rau saum npoo ntawm bainitic isothermal quenched bearings, txoj kev nyiam ntawm lub tes tsho sab hauv tawg thaum sib dhos, cov tes tsho sab nraud poob thiab cov sab hauv lub hauv siab tawg hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv tau zoo heev txo, thiab ntug kev ntxhov siab. concentration ntawm cov yob tuaj yeem raug txo kom tsawg.Yog li ntawd, lub neej nruab nrab thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawm kev coj tus kheej tom qab isothermal quenching yog zoo dua piv nrog tias tom qab sib xyaw quenching.Cov txheej txheem yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev tsheb nqaj hlau bearings, dov zeb bearings thiab bearings siv nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb.Piv nrog rau lwm cov kev ntsuas lub neej, cov txheej txheem yooj yim thiab tus nqi qis dua.Xyoo tsis ntev los no, Tuam Tshoj tau tsim hom tshiab ntawm hlau GCr18Mo bainite quenching tshwj xeeb hlau los txhawb cov ntawv thov ntawm bainite quenching hauv qhov loj-qhov loj cov kabmob.Kev pom ntawm ntau qhov zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem no, nws raug nquahu kom txhawb nws hauv bearings nrog kev pabcuam tsis zoo (kev cuam tshuam loj thauj, tsis zoo lubrication, thiab lwm yam) lossis xav tau kev ntseeg siab, thiab kawm ntxiv txog kev hnav tsis kam thiab qaug zog lub neej tom qab kho bainite. Cov.
2.Qhov sab nrauv carbonitriding
Luoyang bearing kev tshawb fawb lub koom haum nyob rau xyoo 1980 s kev coj tus kheej cov hlau quenching martensite kev nyuaj siab kev kawm, los ntawm kev kawm ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov pa roj carbon siab chromium bearing steel qhov chaw tom qab carbonitriding ntawm cov tawv tawv tawv, txhim kho qhov teeb meem austenite cov ntsiab lus, txhim kho kev ntxhov siab lub xeev ntawm qhov chaw tau zoo heev nce qhov kev sib kis nrog cov carbonitriding, tsis muaj qhov txo lub ntsej muag nyuaj ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm kev txhim kho cov ntsiab lus sab saum toj austenite cov ntsiab lus, txhawm rau txhim kho cov kabmob kev ua kom lub neej thiab muaj kev cia siab ntawm cov neeg mob hauv lub cev muaj kuab paug.
Tshuab hloov kho deg
Cov cuab yeej saum npoo tau txhim kho los ntawm kev kho kom zoo dua saum npoo kom ua tau raws li cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov kabmob hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.Xws li daim ntawv thov ntawm cov roj deposition thev naus laus zis hauv cov kabmob raceway txheej pob zeb diamond hlau pob zeb txheej txheem tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sib txhuam txo, hnav tsis kam, zoo heev txhim kho cov kabmob hnav lub neej thiab kev saib xyuas qhov ua tau zoo, tuaj yeem siv hauv tsev hluav taws xob bearings, khoos phis tawj hard drive. cov kabmob;Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis siv tau los pleev xim rau txhuas oxide ceramic khoom ntawm lub tog raj kheej sab nraud lub nplhaib sab nraud ntawm cov kabmob, tuaj yeem txhim kho hluav taws xob ua kom zoo ntawm cov kabmob, tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj hluav taws xob, thiab txhim kho lub neej thiab kev cia siab ntawm lub cev muaj zog cov kabmob.Lub tshuab ua kom tiv thaiv kev sib txhuam tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev xa av lossis tso M0S2 nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov khoom seem.
Cov khoom siv kho cua sov thiab cov thev naus laus zis sib txawv
1. Cua thiab tswj
Los ntawm kev siv qhov chaw tiv thaiv cua kub kom raug tswj hwm cov pa roj carbon peev xwm thiab nitrogen muaj peev xwm tswj tau cua txias, kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov chaw tau zoo dua tom qab kev kho cua sov, thiab kev kho cua sov ua rau tsis xws li decarbonization thiab tawg tau zoo heev.Ua ke nrog quenching deformation tswj kev siv thev naus laus zis ntawm kev kho cua sov, nws tuaj yeem txo cov nyiaj ua tiav tom qab kev kho cua sov, txhim kho cov khoom siv kev siv tus nqi thiab kev siv lub tshuab ua kom zoo, thiab txhim kho lub xeev cov nplais ntawm cov khoom seem tom qab ua tiav, xws li cov pa roj carbon ntsiab lus, kev teeb tsa, hardness thiab kev nyuaj siab lub xeev.
2. Automation thiab txawj ntse
Ntawm qhov one hand, raws li qhov yuav tsum ua ntawm cov ntu, cov khoom siv, qauv qhov ntev, siv cov kev paub ntawm lub cev hlau thiab qib siab lub computer simulation thiab nrhiav cov thev naus laus zis, ua kom zoo tshaj plaws cov txheej txheem cov txheej txheem, kom ua tiav qhov yuav tsum tau ua lossis ua kom tiav qhov peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv;Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho automation degree thiab ruaj khov ntawm kev kho cua sov, lav tag nrho qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov txheej txheem optimized, thiab paub lub hom phiaj ntawm me me (lossis xoom) kev tawg ntawm cov khoom zoo, thiaj li ua tau raws li kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav ntawm lub cav tseem ceeb hauv cov xwm txheej txawv ntawm kev siv thiab txhim kho kev ntseeg tau thiab lub neej ntawm kev coj tus kheej.
Vi. Kev txiav txim siab thiab qhov loj me
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm martensite quenching, vim yog qhov txias tsis sib xws ntawm qhov chaw, qhov kev nyuaj siab thermal thiab microstructure kev ntxhov siab tsis pom tshwm sim thiab ua rau deformation ntawm seem.Quenching tempering tom qab deformation ntawm qhov chaw (suav nrog qhov loj thiab cov duab hloov) raug cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam, yog cov teeb meem ncaj ncees, xws li qhov chaw ntawm cov duab thiab qhov loj me, kev tsis sib xws ntawm thawj lub koom haum, ua ntej quenching xeev ntawm ntxhib machining (tig pub kom muaj nuj nqis, qhov loj me ntawm cov machining residual kev nyuaj siab, thiab lwm yam), quenching kub thiab cua sov ceev, workpiece muab txoj kev, mus rau hauv cov roj txoj kev, cov yam ntxwv ntawm quenching nruab nrab thiab txoj kev ncig, qhov kub ntawm qhov nruab nrab, thiab txhua yam tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub deformation ntawm qhov chaw.Kev deformation yuav tsum tau kawm nrog kev sib xyaw nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom lag luam, thiab kev ntsuas kom tswj tau qhov deformation yuav tsum muab tso rau pem hauv ntej, xws li siv cov qia qeeb qeeb, tuag quenching, tswj cov roj tawm ntawm qhov, thiab lwm yam kom txo qhov deformation ntawm tshav kub kev kho mob thiab txhim kho kev ua kom zoo ntxiv thiab ua tiav ntawm cov ntu.
Tom qab martensitic quenching, qhov ntev seem ntawm qhov chaw feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm peb qhov sib txawv hloov pauv: carbon txav los ntawm martensitic lub lattice los ua -carbide, residual austenitic decomposition thiab fe3c, uas yog superimposed ntawm ib leeg.Nruab nrab ntawm 50 ° c thiab 120 ° c, qhov ntim ntawm ib feem yog txo vim muaj nag lossis daus ntawm - carbide. Feem ntau, ib feem tau ua tiav qhov kev hloov pauv tom qab npau txog 150 ° c, thiab nws cov cawv ntawm qhov tsis sib luag ntawm qhov chaw hauv cov txheej txheem tom qab siv tau tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej.Ntawm 100 ℃ thiab 250 ℃, cov austenite seem yog decomposed thiab hloov mus rau hauv martensite lossis bainite, uas yuav nrog los ntawm kev nce hauv ntim ntau dua.Nyob rau sab saum toj 200 the, lub - carbide hloov mus rau cementite, uas ua rau kom txo qis hauv qhov ntim ntawm ib feem.Cov kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias cov austenite residual decomposes nyob rau hauv chaw thau khoom sab nraud lossis qhov kub tsis txias (txawm tias sov li chav nyob), ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv seem.Vim tias qhov no, nyob rau hauv kev siv tiag tiag, cov cua kub cua kub ntawm txhua qhov kev coj tus kheej yuav tsum siab tshaj qhov kev pabcuam kub txog 50 ℃, qhov chaw ruaj khov ntawm cov seem nrog cov kev xav tau ntau dua los txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm residual austenite, thiab txhim kho qhov ntev dim, qhov tseeb, lub neej thiab kev cia siab nyob rau hauv cia thiab siv.