Kev lag luam tsheb yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam hauv kuv lub teb chaws, thiab nyob hauv ib qho chaw uas tsis tuaj yeem ignored nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam. Bearings tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub cev tsheb, uas muaj lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb los tuav cov khoom thauj, txo kev sib txhuam, thiab coj mus rau qhov chaw. Nrog rau kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm kuv lub teb chaws txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam thev naus laus zis, Tuam Tshoj tau dhau los ua lub teb chaws loj tshaj plaws nrog rau cov tsheb bearing steel, tab sis tseem muaj qhov sib txawv loj nrog cov tuam txhab ua ntej xws li Schaeffler hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, SKF hauv Sweden, TIMKEN hauv Tebchaws Asmeskas, thiab KOYO hauv Nyij Pooj. Raws li lub hauv paus, cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev siv zog yav tom ntej tseem yog nruj me ntsis tswj qhov zoo ntawm metallurgy, qib ntawm non-metallic inclusions, qhov loj thiab kev faib tawm ntawm carbides, thiab txhim kho qib ntawm kev kho cua sov tshuab.
Kev kho cua sov yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov kabmob tsheb, thiab nws cov kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab cov khoom siv raw yog ob yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau lub neej ntawm bearings. Kev kho cua sov muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm microstructure, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw, qhov loj thiab cov duab raug thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov bearings thiab lwm yam hauv qab kev pabcuam. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev ua tau zoo hloov mus rau hom tsis ua haujlwm yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho cua sov tshuab.
1. Kev siv cov khoom siv bearing hauv tsheb
Raws li peb txhua tus paub, bearings yog tsim los ntawm plaub qhov chaw: lub nplhaib sab nraud, sab hauv lub nplhaib, cov khoom dov (pob, lub tog raj kheej, cones lossis rab koob, thiab lwm yam) thiab tawb. Ib txhia ntawm lawv muaj sealing rings. Cov khoom tsim khoom yog cov kabmob steel.
Thaum xaiv hom thiab qauv ntawm lub tsheb bearings, nws tsuas yog nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej, kev taw qhia, qhov loj me, thiab qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom thauj, nrog rau cov kev xav tau ntawm kev nruj, txwv ceev, lub neej, thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov kabmob, thiab feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm tus tsim qauv. Bearings yog dav siv nyob rau hauv tsheb thiab sib txawv nrog lub tsheb hom, installation qhov chaw thiab manufacturers, raws li qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 1.
Tus kws sau ntawv tau mus xyuas qee qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom hauv tsev, xws li Shanghai Renben, Zhejiang Wanxiang Seiko, Hubei New Torch, Changzhou Guangyang, Luoyang Dongsheng, Chongqing Changjiang, thiab lwm yam Cov hauv qab no tsuas yog ua ke nrog lub tsheb fais fab (alternator hauv lub cav), Lub tshuab cua txias electromagnetic clutch, tensioner thiab idler bearings), tsav system (shaft gearboxes, differentials, clutches thiab lwm yam bearings), hub bearings thiab lwm yam khoom muaj feem xyuam nrog luv luv qhia.
(1) Fais fab system bearings
Lub cav yog lub plawv ntawm lub tsheb, tsis tu ncua muab lub zog rau lwm yam khoom. Cov bearings sab hauv yog yav tas los dominated los ntawm zawv zawg bearings. Tam sim no, feem ntau ntawm lawv siv cov pob bearings kaw ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev txhim kho cov kabmob. Daim duab 2 qhia ntau yam kabmob hauv cov cav.
Alternator bearings yog ib leeg-kab kaw cov pob bearings, uas yog feem ntau raug rau centripetal quab yuam. Lawv yuav tsum ua haujlwm kom ntseeg tau txawm tias qhov ceev tshaj 2000r / min thiab qhov kub siab tshaj 180 degree. Lub nplhaib thiab dov cov ntsiab lus yog ua los ntawm high-purity GCr15, thiab lub hardness tom qab kev kho cua sov yuav tsum yog 58. ~ 64HRC, lub tawb feem ntau yog ua los ntawm nylon PA46, thiab lub nplhaib sealing feem ntau yog ua los ntawm acrylic roj hmab ACM, thiab tus qauv siv yog JB/T8167-2006.
Lub tshuab cua txias compressor electromagnetic clutch bearing yog ob kab angular hu rau pob bearing, lub nplhaib sab nraud tig, qhov ceev ntawm lub tshuab cua txias tuaj yeem ncav cuag 7000 ~ 13000r / min, qhov kub siab tshaj plaws yog 160 degree, cov khoom yog tib yam li saum toj no, thiab lub tawb tau hloov los ntawm ib lub hnab tshos kheej kheej rau ib feem Rau qhov chaw cylindrical, tus qauv siv yog JB/T10531-2005.
Tensioner thiab idler bearings yog kev ua haujlwm siab ntim pob bearings. Cov qub ua rau ntawm xoob sab ntawm lub synchronous kis tau tus mob txoj siv, thaum lub tom kawg ua rau lub nruj sab ntawm synchronous kis tau tus mob txoj siv. Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb yog tib yam li saum toj no. Lub tawb tuaj yeem yog engineering yas, lossis 08 steel lossis 10 steel. Tsim, lub nplhaib sealing yog ua los ntawm ACM lossis FPM (fluorine roj hmab), thiab tus qauv siv yog JB/T10859-2008.
Dej twj tso kua mis ncej bearings feem ntau yog ob kab kab bearings, thiab lub radial dimension yog me dua li qub bearings. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ob-txheej kabmob kabmob nrog cov qauv yooj yim. Ob qhov kev txhawb nqa bearings tsis muaj rings puab. Cov raceways ntawm cov khoom dov yog ncaj qha ua rau ntawm ncej. Cov rings sab nraud ntawm ob qhov kev txhawb nqa bearings yog ua rau tag nrho. Ob sab yog kaw nrog cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj. Nws cov rollers feem ntau yog ua los ntawm high-chromium bearing steel, thiab cov ncej thiab lub nplhaib sab nrauv yog ua los ntawm cov hlau carburized lossis high-chromium bearing steel. Tus qauv siv yog JB/T8563-2010.
(2) Tsav system bearings
Tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov kis tau tus mob yog lub gearbox, uas tuaj yeem muab faib ua phau ntawv (MT), tsis siv neeg (AT), tsis tu ncua hloov pauv tsis tu ncua (CVT), dual clutch (DCT), thiab lwm yam. feem ntau siv bearings. Feem ntau muaj ntau yam bearings rau ntau lub zog sib txawv hauv lub gearbox, thiab cov hom tseem ceeb yog pob bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, needle roller bearings, etc. Lub gearbox tuaj yeem suav tias yog lub thawv iav. Feem ntau muaj impurities (hlau filings, burrs, xuab zeb inclusions, thiab lwm yam) nyob rau hauv cov roj thiab anti-xeb roj. Cov kabmob rotates ntawm kev kub ceev thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, ua rau lub neej ua haujlwm luv luv.
Daim duab 3 yog daim duab schematic ntawm qhov kev coj tus kheej ntawm peb lub tuam txhab MA-hom phau ntawv gearbox (saib xiav cim nyob rau hauv daim duab), nyob rau hauv uas lub sib sib zog nqus zawj pob bearing 25D52E15 yog siv rau ib tug axis thiab ib tug iav, thiab lub sib sib zog nqus groove. Pob Bearing 25D62E17 rau ib axis thiab tsib lub zog. Thawj lub iav ntawm lub ncej thib ob yog cylindrical roller bearing 32D62E16, thiab lub iav thib tsib ntawm lub ncej thib ob yog qhov sib sib zog nqus groove pob bearing 22D57E17.
Daim duab 3MA phau ntawv gearbox thiab bearing txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv sib txawv
Kuj tseem muaj ob lub tapered menyuam bearings 38D63E17 nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv, uas yog feem ntau nyob rau sab laug thiab sab xis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv thiab ntsia rau ntawm lub rooj zaum qhov rooj ntawm lub reducer, uas dais thiab xa cov tsav tsheb ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab reducer, Txo kev sib txhuam kev sib txhuam, txhim kho kev sib kis tau zoo thiab kev ntseeg tau.
Lub cev dov thiab cov khoom siv sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm cov kabmob saum toj no feem ntau yog GCr15, 100Cr6, SUJ2, SKF3, txais yuav tag nrho quenching ntxiv rau qhov kub thiab txias, kev kho cua sov hardness 60 ~ 63HRC (dov lub cev yuav tsum 60 ~ 64HRC ), cov khoom siv nylon yog PA46 ntxiv rau 30 feem pua GF, lub nplhaib tiv thaiv yog ACM ntxiv rau SPCC, thiab cov roj lubricating yog Chevron SRI -2 (cov roj ntau 2.0 ~ 2.8g).
Lub clutch tso cov kabmob, feem ntau hu ua clutch tumbler, yog nyob rau hauv daim duab 4. Thaum lub clutch pedal yog stepped, lub siab phaj los yog tsav phaj bearing lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thrust yuav txav mus rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub clutch rooj plaub, uas yog. , kev sib cais lever tuaj yeem tilted kom kov yeej lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thrust ntawm lub phaj siab rau Kev sib cais ua haujlwm ntawm lub clutch yog nyob ntawm kev xa khoom tam sim no. Lub dov lub cev yog 100Cr6, cov khoom ntawm lub puab thiab sab rings yog C67S (qhov tsawg kawg nkaus deg hardness yuav tsum yog 680HV), lub tawb yog PA66 ntxiv rau 25 feem pua FV, thiab lub foob yog hydrogenated nitrile roj hmab HNBR. Saib tus qauv.
3) Lub tsheb log bearings Nrog kev txhim kho ntawm tag nrho cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub tsheb, qhov yuav tsum tau muaj rau lub neej, lub zog, nruj thiab kev saib xyuas-dawb ntawm lub log bearings tau dhau los ua nruj, thiab cov neeg tau txais kev paub txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub teeb, kev ntseeg siab, ntau yam. muaj nuj nqi thiab modularization, Tsheb hub bearings tab tom txhim kho mus rau ib tug heev kev coj. Lub tsheb hub bearing unit tau tsim los ntawm thawj lub nplhaib xauv hom thiab lub tawb xauv hom tsev (thawj tiam) mus rau tiam thib ob nrog lub flange ntawm lub nplhaib sab nraud, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau lub nplhaib puab nrog lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub xovxwm loj. tiam thib peb ntawm lub flange tuaj yeem ua ke nrog lub sensor nrog ABS thiab flange, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 5. Lawv yog tag nrho cov ob-kab kab bearings los dais lub load ntau dua nrog rau tag nrho lub cev. Feem ntau ntawm lub log pem hauv ntej hub bearings hauv peb lub tuam txhab cov qauv uas twb muaj lawm siv thawj tiam, thiab lub log tsheb siv peb tiam. Piv txwv li, cov khoom ntawm lub nplhaib puab thiab sab nraud ntawm lub hub bearing ntawm lub tsheb yog SKF3, cov khoom ntawm lub pob steel yog SUJ2, cov khoom ntawm flange yog S55C, cov khoom ntawm lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj yog SCM435, lub tawb yog nylon. PA66 ntxiv rau 25 feem pua GF, thiab lub nplhaib sib khi ua ke yog NBR ntxiv rau SPCC / NBR ntxiv rau SUS430.
2. Automotive bearing cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua
Tam sim no, tsheb tau tsim los ntawm lub teeb yuag, kev nplij siab, solidity, siab zog, compact qauv, durability, zoo acceleration kev ua tau zoo, thiab siab ntseeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim kev nce qib ntawm kev tswj hluav taws xob thev naus laus zis, tsheb kuj tseem txhim kho nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev ua tau zoo xws li kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, yooj yim thiab yooj yim, thiab muaj zog ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, dov bearings, raws li cov khoom tseem ceeb rau kev txhawb nqa tsheb, yuav tsum hloov mus rau qhov sib txawv no.
Thaum lub sij hawm kev pab cuam ntawm lub tsheb bearings, chav tsev cheeb tsam ntawm lub nto ntawm lub dov cov ntsiab lus thiab cov rings yuav tsum tau dais ib tug ntau ntawm siab, uas yuav ncav cuag li 5000N / mm2 tom qab xam. Thaum cov bearings khiav, lawv muaj dov thiab zawv zawg. Ntxiv nrog rau kev ua haujlwm siab, alternating Ntxiv rau qhov kev sib cuag nrog kev ntxhov siab, nws tseem cuam tshuam los ntawm lub zog centrifugal, raws li pom hauv daim duab 6. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg, cov hom tsis ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsheb bearings yog tev, pitting, adhesion, strain, tawg, poob ntawm precision, ntau dhau kev co thiab suab nrov, thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kabmob steel muaj cov hauv qab no: ① High purity. ② Cov ntsiab lus oxygen tsawg. ③High hardness thiab hnav tsis kam. ④ Kev ruaj ntseg zoo. ⑤ Tsim nyog compressive zog thiab deformation kuj. ⑥ Cov txheej txheem ua tau zoo.
Cov kabmob steel yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb steel ntau yam. Nws qhov zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo feem ntau cuam tshuam txog qib metallurgical ntawm lub teb chaws. Tsheb bearing steel suav txog li 40 feem pua ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm txhua xyoo ntawm cov kabmob steel, thiab kev noj ntau. Txawm hais tias lub neej thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov tsheb bearings muaj qee qhov kev sib raug zoo nrog cov qauv tsim, kev tsim, lubrication, installation thiab txij nkawm, cov ntaub ntawv raw yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov saum toj no hais tias ntawm ob peb yam tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsheb bearing lub rooj sib txoos, tshwj tsis yog qhov tseeb tias lub tawb hloov pauv los ntawm cov khoom qub stamping rau cov khoom siv nylon nrov (xws li txhaj tshuaj molded PA66 ntxiv rau 30 feem pua GF) thiab lub foob feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab (xws li ACM ntxiv rau SPCC, NBR ntxiv rau SUS430), cov ntsiab lus dov thiab sab hauv thiab sab nrauv ntawm lub tsheb bearings hauv Suav teb siv ntau cov pa roj carbon chromium uas muaj cov kabmob steel uas muaj wC. =0.95%. high-carbon chromium bearing steels tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev nce cov ntsiab lus Mo: xws li 100Cr6 thiab 100CrMo hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, SKF2 thiab SKF3 hauv Sweden, thiab 52100.3 thiab 52100.4 hauv Tebchaws Meskas, Nyiv SUJ2, SUJ3, SUJ4, SUJ5, thiab lwm yam. yog tsim rau martensitic quenching, thiab kuj haum rau bainite quenching ntawm ultra-thick-walled bearing qhov chaw. Muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lawv, raws li qhia hauv Table 1. Qhov kev sib piv ntawm ob, qhov tseeb, cov qib steel no tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov txawv ntawm GCr15.